Nuclear Receptors in Immunometabolism: It’s Not Just Macrophages!-Nuclear Receptors in Immunometabolism: It’s Not Just Macrophages!

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Dr. David Moore from UC Berkeley discusses the role of nuclear receptors in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Current treatments for IBD are not curative, so there is a need for better understanding and new therapeutic strategies. Dr. Moore explains that T cells in the intestine express a drug efflux pump called MDR-1 to protect themselves from high levels of bile acids. This led to the hypothesis that the nuclear receptor CAR may play a role in IBD. A study using mice found that CAR activation regulates bile acid levels and suppresses inflammation, suggesting CAR as a potential therapeutic target in IBD.<br /><br />The speaker also discussed the role of PPAR-delta in T-cell biology and its impact on multiple sclerosis. Mice lacking PPAR-delta had more severe symptoms and increased inflammation in the central nervous system. PPAR-delta plays a role in thymocyte development and T-cell proliferation. Knockout T-cells showed decreased metabolic gene expression and impaired mitochondrial function, but also exhibited a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. The speaker hypothesized that PPAR-delta maintains a balance between immune activation and regulation, promoting a healthy immune system while repressing excessive inflammation. This study provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for multiple sclerosis and other T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Keywords

nuclear receptors

inflammatory bowel disease

T cells

MDR-1

CAR activation

therapeutic target

PPAR-delta

multiple sclerosis

T-cell biology

immune activation

excessive inflammation

autoimmune diseases


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